VEGF165 Summary:

Structure:

• Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor isoform
• Attaches to VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 receptors

Mechanisms:

• Activates PI3K/Akt pathway
• Triggers MAPK pathway
• Stimulates nitric oxide production

Angiogenesis Roles:

• Blood vessel formation
• Cell growth and movement
• Supports tissue healing

Disease Implications:

• Tumor blood supply
• Diabetic retinopathy
• Cardiovascular disease progression

Regulation Factors:

• Hypoxia
• Growth factors
• Cytokines
• Cellular microenvironment

Therapeutic Potential:

• Anti-VEGF cancer treatments
• Gene therapy for circulation improvement
• Potential biomarker for disease progression

Clinical Significance:

• Critical in blood vessel development
• Impacts multiple disease processes
• Target for innovative medical interventions

Key Insight: VEGF165 plays a pivotal role in angiogenesis and disease progression across various physiological contexts.