Key Summary of Reelin:

Molecular Structure: Extracellular protein with unique domains including signal peptide, F-spondin like domain, eight Reelin repeats, and EGF-like motifs. Signals through VLDLR and ApoER2 receptors.

Neuronal Development: Crucial for guiding neuronal migration and cortical development. Directs neuron placement through Cajal-Retziu cell signalling, creating brain's layered structures via an "inside-out" process.

Brain Function: Impacts synaptic plasticity in adult brain. Produced by GABAergic interneurons, enhances long-term potentiation, influences NMDA and AMPA receptor interactions, and supports neuron formation.

Clinical Significance: Linked to neurological disorders including:

• Schizophrenia
• Autism spectrum disorders
• Bipolar disorder
• Alzheimer's disease
• Epilepsy

Genetic Implications: Variations in RELN gene associated with neurological conditions. Disruptions in Reelin signalling can cause developmental brain abnormalities and cognitive function challenges.