Molecular Structure and Origin:

• C-terminal cleavage product of fibrillin-1 (discovered 2016)
• 140-amino acid protein
• Secreted by white adipose tissue during fasting
• Structure includes:
• C-terminal globular domain
• Calcium-binding EGF-like modules
• Proteolytic cleavage sites

Physiological Functions - Metabolic Regulation:

• Functions as glucogenic hormone
• Regulates glucose homeostasis by:
• Stimulating hepatic glucose production
• Activating G protein-cAMP-PKA pathway
• Promoting glucose release
• Controls appetite through:
• Blood-brain barrier crossing
• Activating orexigenic neurons
• Stimulating food intake

Inflammatory Response:

• Promotes pro-inflammatory cytokine production
• Influences macrophage polarization
• Contributes to chronic inflammation in metabolic diseases

Clinical Significance and Disease Associations:

• Metabolic Disorders:
• Type 2 Diabetes: elevated plasma levels
• Obesity: increased circulation
• Other Conditions:
• Cardiovascular Disease
• Neonatal Progeroid Syndrome

Research Developments and Therapeutic Potential:

• Diagnostic Applications:
• Biomarker development
• Disease monitoring
• Risk assessment
• Therapeutic Strategies:
• Anti-asprosin antibodies
• Small molecule inhibitors
• Receptor antagonists

Clinical Applications and Therapeutic Interventions:

• Treatment potential for:
• Metabolic diseases
• Diabetes management
• Obesity intervention
• Anti-inflammatory applications
• Development focus on:
• Asprosin antagonists
• Monoclonal antibodies
• Small molecule inhibitors
• Receptor modulators